| (derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) | |
Aṅguttara Nikāya 4 |
Numbered Discourses 4 |
61. Pattakammasutta |
61. Deeds of Substance |
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca: |
Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him: |
“Cattārome, gahapati, dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ. |
“Householder, these four things that are likable, desirable, and agreeable are hard to get in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Bhogā me uppajjantu sahadhammenāti, ayaṃ paṭhamo dhammo iṭṭho kanto manāpo dullabho lokasmiṃ. |
The first thing is the wish: ‘May wealth come to me by legitimate means!’ |
Bhoge laddhā sahadhammena yaso me āgacchatu saha ñātīhi saha upajjhāyehīti, ayaṃ dutiyo dhammo iṭṭho kanto manāpo dullabho lokasmiṃ. |
The second thing, having got wealth by legitimate means, is the wish: ‘May fame come to me, together with my family and teachers.’ |
Bhoge laddhā sahadhammena yasaṃ laddhā saha ñātīhi saha upajjhāyehi ciraṃ jīvāmi dīghamāyuṃ pālemīti, ayaṃ tatiyo dhammo iṭṭho kanto manāpo dullabho lokasmiṃ. |
The third thing, having got wealth and fame, is the wish: ‘May I live long, keeping alive for a long time!’ |
Bhoge laddhā sahadhammena yasaṃ laddhā saha ñātīhi saha upajjhāyehi ciraṃ jīvitvā dīghamāyuṃ pāletvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjāmīti, ayaṃ catuttho dhammo iṭṭho kanto manāpo dullabho lokasmiṃ. |
The fourth thing, having got wealth, fame, and long life, is the wish: ‘When my body breaks up, after death, may I be reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm!’ |
Ime kho, gahapati, cattāro dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ. |
These are the four things that are likable, desirable, and agreeable, but hard to get in the world. |
Imesaṃ kho, gahapati, catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ dullabhānaṃ lokasmiṃ cattāro dhammā paṭilābhāya saṃvattanti. |
These next four things lead to the getting of those four things. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Saddhāsampadā, sīlasampadā, cāgasampadā, paññāsampadā. |
Accomplishment in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom. |
Katamā ca, gahapati, saddhāsampadā? |
And what is accomplishment in faith? |
Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ: |
It’s when a noble disciple has faith in the Realized One’s awakening: |
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi, satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. |
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ |
Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapati, saddhāsampadā. |
This is called accomplishment in faith. |
Katamā ca, gahapati, sīlasampadā? |
And what is accomplishment in ethics? |
Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti … pe … surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. |
It’s when a noble disciple doesn’t kill living creatures, steal, commit sexual misconduct, lie, or take alcoholic drinks that cause negligence. |
Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapati, sīlasampadā. |
This is called accomplishment in ethics. |
Katamā ca, gahapati, cāgasampadā? |
And what is accomplishment in generosity? |
Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vosaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato. |
It’s when a noble disciple lives at home rid of the stain of stinginess, freely generous, open-handed, loving to let go, committed to charity, loving to give and to share. |
Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapati, cāgasampadā. |
This is called accomplishment in generosity. |
Katamā ca, gahapati, paññāsampadā? |
And what is accomplishment in wisdom? |
Abhijjhāvisamalobhābhibhūtena, gahapati, cetasā viharanto akiccaṃ karoti, kiccaṃ aparādheti. |
When your heart is mastered by covetousness and immoral greed, you do what you shouldn’t, and fail to do what you should. |
Akiccaṃ karonto kiccaṃ aparādhento yasā ca sukhā ca dhaṃsati. |
Your fame and happiness are crushed. |
Byāpādābhibhūtena, gahapati, cetasā viharanto akiccaṃ karoti, kiccaṃ aparādheti. |
When your heart is mastered by ill will … |
Akiccaṃ karonto kiccaṃ aparādhento yasā ca sukhā ca dhaṃsati. |
|
Thinamiddhābhibhūtena, gahapati, cetasā viharanto akiccaṃ karoti kiccaṃ aparādheti. |
dullness and drowsiness … |
Akiccaṃ karonto kiccaṃ aparādhento yasā ca sukhā ca dhaṃsati. |
|
Uddhaccakukkuccābhibhūtena, gahapati, cetasā viharanto akiccaṃ karoti, kiccaṃ aparādheti. |
restlessness and remorse … |
Akiccaṃ karonto kiccaṃ aparādhento yasā ca sukhā ca dhaṃsati. |
|
Vicikicchābhibhūtena, gahapati, cetasā viharanto akiccaṃ karoti, kiccaṃ aparādheti. |
doubt, you do what you shouldn’t, and fail to do what you should. |
Akiccaṃ karonto kiccaṃ aparādhento yasā ca sukhā ca dhaṃsati. |
Your fame and happiness are crushed. |
Sa kho so, gahapati, ariyasāvako abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā abhijjhāvisamalobhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati. |
Knowing that ‘covetousness and immoral greed are corruptions of the mind’, that noble disciple gives them up. |
Byāpādo cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā byāpādaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati. |
Knowing that ‘ill will …’ … |
Thinamiddhaṃ cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā thinamiddhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati. |
‘dullness and drowsiness …’ … |
Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati. |
‘restlessness and remorse …’ … |
Vicikicchā cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā vicikicchaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati. |
‘doubt is a corruption of the mind’, that noble disciple gives it up. |
Yato ca kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti. |
When a noble disciple has given up these things, |
Byāpādo cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā byāpādo cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti. |
|
Thinamiddhaṃ cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā thinamiddhaṃ cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti. |
|
Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā uddhaccakukkuccaṃ cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti. |
|
Vicikicchā cittassa upakkilesoti, iti viditvā vicikicchā cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti. |
|
Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapati, ariyasāvako mahāpañño puthupañño āpātadaso paññāsampanno. |
they’re called ‘a noble disciple of great wisdom, of widespread wisdom, who sees what matters, and is accomplished in wisdom’. |
Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapati, paññāsampadā. |
This is called accomplishment in wisdom. |
Imesaṃ kho, gahapati, catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ dullabhānaṃ lokasmiṃ ime cattāro dhammā paṭilābhāya saṃvattanti. |
These are the four things that lead to the getting of the four things that are likable, desirable, and agreeable, but hard to get in the world. |
Sa kho so, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi cattāri pattakammāni kattā hoti. |
There are four deeds of substance that a noble disciple does with the legitimate wealth he has earned by his efforts and initiative, built up with his own hands, gathered by the sweat of the brow. |
Katamāni cattāri? |
What four? |
Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi attānaṃ sukheti pīṇeti sammā sukhaṃ pariharati. |
To start with, with his legitimate wealth he makes himself happy and pleased, keeping himself properly happy. |
Mātāpitaro sukheti pīṇeti sammā sukhaṃ pariharati. |
He makes his mother and father happy … |
Puttadāradāsakammakaraporise sukheti pīṇeti sammā sukhaṃ pariharati. |
He makes his children, partners, bondservants, workers, and staff happy … |
Mittāmacce sukheti pīṇeti sammā sukhaṃ pariharati. |
He makes his friends and colleagues happy … |
Idamassa paṭhamaṃ ṭhānagataṃ hoti pattagataṃ āyatanaso paribhuttaṃ. |
This is his first solid and substantive investment, used in the appropriate sphere. |
Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi yā tā honti āpadā aggito vā udakato vā rājato vā corato vā appiyato vā dāyādato, tathārūpāsu āpadāsu pariyodhāya saṃvattati. |
Furthermore, with his legitimate wealth he defends himself against threats from such things as fire, flood, rulers, bandits, or unloved heirs. |
Sotthiṃ attānaṃ karoti. |
He keeps himself safe. |
Idamassa dutiyaṃ ṭhānagataṃ hoti pattagataṃ āyatanaso paribhuttaṃ. |
This is his second solid and substantive investment, used in the appropriate sphere. |
Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi pañcabaliṃ kattā hoti— |
Furthermore, with his legitimate wealth he makes five spirit-offerings: |
ñātibaliṃ, atithibaliṃ, pubbapetabaliṃ, rājabaliṃ, devatābaliṃ. |
to relatives, guests, ancestors, king, and deities. |
Idamassa tatiyaṃ ṭhānagataṃ hoti pattagataṃ āyatanaso paribhuttaṃ. |
This is his third solid and substantive investment, used in the appropriate sphere. |
Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā madappamādā paṭiviratā khantisoracce niviṭṭhā ekamattānaṃ damenti, ekamattānaṃ samenti, ekamattānaṃ parinibbāpenti, tathārūpesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpeti sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. |
Furthermore, with his legitimate wealth he establishes an uplifting teacher’s offering for ascetics and brahmins—those who avoid intoxication and negligence, are settled in patience and gentleness, and who tame, calm, and extinguish themselves—that’s conducive to heaven, ripens in happiness, and leads to heaven. |
Idamassa catutthaṃ ṭhānagataṃ hoti pattagataṃ āyatanaso paribhuttaṃ. |
This is his fourth solid and substantive investment, used in the appropriate sphere. |
Sa kho so, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi imāni cattāri pattakammāni kattā hoti. |
These are the four deeds of substance that a noble disciple does with the legitimate wealth he has earned by his efforts and initiative, built up with his own hands, gathered by the sweat of the brow. |
Yassa kassaci, gahapati, aññatra imehi catūhi pattakammehi bhogā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ime vuccanti, gahapati, bhogā aṭṭhānagatā apattagatā anāyatanaso paribhuttā. |
Whatever wealth is spent on something other than these four deeds of substance is said to be not a solid or substantive investment, and not used in the appropriate sphere. |
Yassa kassaci, gahapati, imehi catūhi pattakammehi bhogā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ime vuccanti, gahapati, bhogā ṭhānagatā pattagatā āyatanaso paribhuttāti. |
But whatever wealth is spent on these four deeds of substance is said to be a solid and substantive investment, used in the appropriate sphere. |
Bhuttā bhogā bhatā bhaccā, |
‘I’ve enjoyed my wealth, supporting those who depend on me; |
Vitiṇṇā āpadāsu me; |
I’ve overcome losses; |
Uddhaggā dakkhiṇā dinnā, |
I’ve given uplifting offerings to teachers; |
Atho pañcabalī katā; |
and made the five spirit-offerings. |
Upaṭṭhitā sīlavanto, |
I have looked after the ethical and |
Saññatā brahmacārayo. |
restrained spiritual practitioners. |
Yadatthaṃ bhogaṃ iccheyya, |
I’ve achieved the purpose |
paṇḍito gharamāvasaṃ; |
for which an astute lay person |
So me attho anuppatto, |
wishes to gain wealth. |
kataṃ ananutāpiyaṃ. |
I don’t regret what I’ve done.’ |
Etaṃ anussaraṃ macco, |
A mortal person who recollects this |
ariyadhamme ṭhito naro; |
stands firm in the teaching of the noble ones. |
Idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti, |
They’re praised in this life, |
pecca sagge pamodatī”ti. |
and they depart to rejoice in heaven.” |
62. Ānaṇyasutta |
62. Debtlessness |
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca: |
Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him: |
“Cattārimāni, gahapati, sukhāni adhigamanīyāni gihinā kāmabhoginā kālena kālaṃ samayena samayaṃ upādāya. |
“Householder, these four kinds of happiness can be earned by a layperson who enjoys sensual pleasures, depending on time and occasion. |
Katamāni cattāri? |
What four? |
Atthisukhaṃ, bhogasukhaṃ, ānaṇyasukhaṃ, anavajjasukhaṃ. |
The happiness of ownership, using wealth, debtlessness, and blamelessness. |
Katamañca, gahapati, atthisukhaṃ? |
And what is the happiness of ownership? |
Idha, gahapati, kulaputtassa bhogā honti uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatā bāhābalaparicitā sedāvakkhittā dhammikā dhammaladdhā. |
It’s when someone from a good family owns legitimate wealth that he has earned by his own efforts and initiative, built up with his own hands, gathered by the sweat of the brow. |
So ‘bhogā me atthi uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatā bāhābalaparicitā sedāvakkhittā dhammikā dhammaladdhā’ti adhigacchati sukhaṃ, adhigacchati somanassaṃ. |
When he reflects on this, he’s filled with pleasure and happiness. |
Idaṃ vuccati, gahapati, atthisukhaṃ. |
This is called ‘the happiness of ownership’. |
Katamañca, gahapati, bhogasukhaṃ? |
And what is the happiness of using wealth? |
Idha, gahapati, kulaputto uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi paribhuñjati puññāni ca karoti. |
It’s when someone from a good family uses his legitimate wealth, and makes merit with it. |
So ‘uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi paribhuñjāmi puññāni ca karomī’ti adhigacchati sukhaṃ, adhigacchati somanassaṃ. |
When he reflects on this, he’s filled with pleasure and happiness. |
Idaṃ vuccati, gahapati, bhogasukhaṃ. |
This is called ‘the happiness of using wealth’. |
Katamañca, gahapati, ānaṇyasukhaṃ? |
And what is the happiness of debtlessness? |
Idha, gahapati, kulaputto na kassaci kiñci dhāreti appaṃ vā bahuṃ vā. |
It’s when someone from a good family owes no debt, large or small, to anyone. |
So ‘na kassaci kiñci dhāremi appaṃ vā bahuṃ vā’ti adhigacchati sukhaṃ, adhigacchati somanassaṃ. |
When he reflects on this, he’s filled with pleasure and happiness. |
Idaṃ vuccati, gahapati, ānaṇyasukhaṃ. |
This is called ‘the happiness of debtlessness’. |
Katamañca, gahapati, anavajjasukhaṃ? |
And what is the happiness of blamelessness? |
Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako anavajjena kāyakammena samannāgato hoti, anavajjena vacīkammena samannāgato hoti, anavajjena manokammena samannāgato hoti. |
It’s when a noble disciple has blameless conduct by way of body, speech, and mind. |
So ‘anavajjenamhi kāyakammena samannāgato, anavajjena vacīkammena samannāgato, anavajjena manokammena samannāgato’ti adhigacchati sukhaṃ, adhigacchati somanassaṃ. |
When he reflects on this, he’s filled with pleasure and happiness. |
Idaṃ vuccati, gahapati, anavajjasukhaṃ. |
This is called ‘the happiness of blamelessness’. |
Imāni kho, gahapati, cattāri sukhāni adhigamanīyāni gihinā kāmabhoginā kālena kālaṃ samayena samayaṃ upādāyāti. |
These four kinds of happiness can be earned by a layperson who enjoys sensual pleasures, depending on time and occasion. |
Ānaṇyasukhaṃ ñatvāna, |
Knowing the happiness of debtlessness, |
Atho atthisukhaṃ paraṃ; |
and the extra happiness of possession, |
Bhuñjaṃ bhogasukhaṃ macco, |
a mortal enjoying the happiness of using wealth, |
Tato paññā vipassati. |
then sees clearly with wisdom. |
Vipassamāno jānāti, |
Seeing clearly, a clever person knows |
ubho bhoge sumedhaso; |
both kinds of happiness: |
Anavajjasukhassetaṃ, |
the other kind is not worth a sixteenth part |
kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasin”ti. |
of the happiness of blamelessness.” |
63. Brahmasutta |
63. Living with Brahmā |
“Sabrahmakāni, bhikkhave, tāni kulāni yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. |
“monks, a family where the children honor their parents in their home is said to live with Brahmā. |
Sapubbācariyakāni, bhikkhave, tāni kulāni, yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. |
A family where the children honor their parents in their home is said to live with the first teachers. |
Sapubbadevatāni, bhikkhave, tāni kulāni yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. |
A family where the children honor their parents in their home is said to live with the old deities. |
Sāhuneyyakāni, bhikkhave, tāni kulāni yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. |
A family where the children honor their parents in their home is said to live with those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods. |
Brahmāti, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘Brahmā’ is a term for your parents. |
Pubbācariyāti, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘First teachers’ is a term for your parents. |
Pubbadevatāti, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘Old deities’ is a term for your parents. |
Āhuneyyāti, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘Worthy of an offering dedicated to the gods’ is a term for your parents. |
Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
Bahukārā, bhikkhave, mātāpitaro, puttānaṃ āpādakā posakā imassa lokassa dassetāroti. |
Parents are very helpful to their children, they raise them, nurture them, and show them the world. |
Brahmāti mātāpitaro, |
Parents are said to be ‘Brahmā’ |
pubbācariyāti vuccare; |
and ‘first teachers’. |
Āhuneyyā ca puttānaṃ, |
They’re worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods from their children, |
pajāya anukampakā. |
for they love their offspring. |
Tasmā hi ne namasseyya, |
Therefore an astute person |
sakkareyya ca paṇḍito; |
would revere them and honor them |
Annena atha pānena, |
with food and drink, |
vatthena sayanena ca; |
clothes and bedding, |
Ucchādanena nhāpanena, |
by anointing and bathing, |
pādānaṃ dhovanena ca. |
and by washing their feet. |
Tāya naṃ pāricariyāya, |
Because they look after |
mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā; |
their parents like this, |
Idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti, |
they’re praised in this life by the astute, |
pecca sagge pamodatī”ti. |
and they depart to rejoice in heaven.” |
64. Nirayasutta |
64. Hell |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
“monks, someone with four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti— |
They kill living creatures, steal, commit sexual misconduct, and lie. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ nirayeti. |
Someone with these four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Pāṇātipāto adinnādānaṃ, |
Killing, stealing, |
Musāvādo ca vuccati; |
telling lies, |
Paradāragamanañcāpi, |
and visiting others’ wives: |
Nappasaṃsanti paṇḍitā”ti. |
astute people don’t praise these things.” |
65. Rūpasutta |
65. Appearance |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Rūpappamāṇo rūpappasanno, ghosappamāṇo ghosappasanno, lūkhappamāṇo lūkhappasanno, dhammappamāṇo dhammappasanno— |
There are those whose estimation of and confidence in others is based on appearance, on eloquence, on mortification, and on principle. |
ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasminti. |
These are the four people found in the world. |
Ye ca rūpe pamāṇiṃsu, |
Those who judge on appearance, |
ye ca ghosena anvagū; |
and those swayed by a voice, |
Chandarāgavasūpetā, |
are full of desire and greed; |
nābhijānanti te janā. |
those people just don’t understand. |
Ajjhattañca na jānāti, |
Not knowing what’s inside, |
bahiddhā ca na passati; |
nor seeing what’s outside, |
Samantāvaraṇo bālo, |
the fool shut in on every side, |
sa ve ghosena vuyhati. |
gets carried away by a voice. |
Ajjhattañca na jānāti, |
Not knowing what’s inside, |
bahiddhā ca vipassati; |
but seeing what’s outside, |
Bahiddhā phaladassāvī, |
seeing the fruit outside, |
sopi ghosena vuyhati. |
they’re also carried away by a voice. |
Ajjhattañca pajānāti, |
Understanding what’s inside, |
bahiddhā ca vipassati; |
and seeing what’s outside, |
Vinīvaraṇadassāvī, |
seeing without hindrances, |
na so ghosena vuyhatī”ti. |
they don’t get carried away by a voice.” |
66. Sarāgasutta |
66. Greedy |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Sarāgo, sadoso, samoho, samāno— |
The greedy, the hateful, the delusional, and the conceited. |
ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasminti. |
These are the four people found in the world. |
Sārattā rajanīyesu, |
Full of desire for desirable things, |
Piyarūpābhinandino; |
enjoying things that seem pleasant, |
Mohena āvutā sattā, |
beings shrouded by ignorance, |
Baddhā vaḍḍhenti bandhanaṃ. |
only tighten their bonds. |
Rāgajaṃ dosajañcāpi, |
Born of greed, born of hate, |
mohajaṃ cāpaviddasū; |
born of delusion: the ignorant |
Karontākusalaṃ kammaṃ, |
make bad karma |
savighātaṃ dukhudrayaṃ. |
that afflicts and produces pain. |
Avijjānivutā posā, |
If you act out of these qualities, that’s what you become. |
andhabhūtā acakkhukā; |
But men hindered by ignorance, |
Yathā dhammā tathā santā, |
are blind, with no eyes to see, |
na tassevanti maññare”ti. |
and they never imagine that this could be so.” |
67. Ahirājasutta |
67. The Snake King |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṃ aññataro bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkato hoti. |
Now, at that time a monk in Sāvatthī passed away due to a snake bite. |
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ: |
Then several monks went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: |
“idha, bhante, sāvatthiyaṃ aññataro bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkato”ti. |
“Sir, a monk in Sāvatthī has passed away due to a snake bite.” |
“Na hi nūna so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phari. |
“monks, that monk mustn’t have spread a mind of love to the four royal snake families. |
Sace hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phareyya, na hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṃ kareyya. |
If he had, he wouldn’t have died due to a snake bite. |
Katamāni cattāri? |
What four? |
Virūpakkhaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, erāpathaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, chabyāputtaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, kaṇhāgotamakaṃ ahirājakulaṃ. |
The royal snake families of Virūpakkha, Erāpatha, Chabyāputta, and Kaṇhāgotamaka. … |
Na hi nūna so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phari. |
|
Sace hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phareyya, na hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṃ kareyya. |
|
Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena pharituṃ attaguttiyā attarakkhāya attaparittāyāti. |
monks, I urge you to spread a mind of love to the four royal snake families, for your own safety, security, and protection. |
Virūpakkhehi me mettaṃ, |
I love the Virūpakkhas, |
Mettaṃ erāpathehi me; |
the Erāpathas I love, |
Chabyāputtehi me mettaṃ, |
I love the Chabyāputtas, |
Mettaṃ kaṇhāgotamakehi ca. |
the Kaṇhāgotamakas I love. |
Apādakehi me mettaṃ, |
I love the footless creatures, |
mettaṃ dvipādakehi me; |
the two-footed I love, |
Catuppadehi me mettaṃ, |
I love the four-footed, |
mettaṃ bahuppadehi me. |
the many-footed I love. |
Mā maṃ apādako hiṃsi, |
May the footless not harm me! |
mā maṃ hiṃsi dvipādako; |
May I not be harmed by the two-footed! |
Mā maṃ catuppado hiṃsi, |
May the four-footed not harm me! |
mā maṃ hiṃsi bahuppado. |
May I not be harmed by the many-footed! |
Sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā, |
All sentient beings, all living things, |
sabbe bhūtā ca kevalā; |
all creatures, every one: |
Sabbe bhadrāni passantu, |
may they see only nice things, |
mā kañci pāpamāgamā. |
may bad not come to anyone. |
Appamāṇo buddho, |
The Buddha is immeasurable, |
Appamāṇo dhammo; |
the teaching is immeasurable, |
Appamāṇo saṃgho, |
the Saṅgha is immeasurable. |
Pamāṇavantāni sarīsapāni. |
But limited are crawling things, |
Ahivicchikā satapadī, |
snakes and scorpions, centipedes, |
Uṇṇanābhī sarabū mūsikā; |
spiders and lizards and mice. |
Katā me rakkhā katā me parittā, |
I’ve made this safeguard, I’ve made this protection: |
Paṭikkamantu bhūtāni; |
go away, creatures! |
Sohaṃ namo bhagavato, |
And so I revere the Blessed One, |
Namo sattannaṃ sammāsambuddhānan”ti. |
I revere the seven perfectly awakened Buddhas.” |
68. Devadattasutta |
68. Devadatta |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain, not long after Devadatta had left. |
Tatra kho bhagavā devadattaṃ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There the Buddha spoke to the monks about Devadatta: |
“attavadhāya, bhikkhave, devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi. |
“Possessions, honor, and popularity came to Devadatta for his own ruin and downfall. |
Parābhavāya, bhikkhave, devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi. |
|
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kadalī attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; |
It’s like a banana tree … |
evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi. |
|
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, veḷu attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; |
or a bamboo … |
evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi. |
|
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, naḷo attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; |
or a reed, all of which bear fruit to their own ruin and downfall … |
evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi. |
|
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, assatarī attavadhāya gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti, parābhavāya gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti; |
It’s like a mule, which becomes pregnant to its own ruin and downfall. |
evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādīti. |
In the same way, possessions, honor, and popularity came to Devadatta for his own ruin and downfall. |
Phalaṃ ve kadaliṃ hanti, |
The banana tree is destroyed by its own fruit, |
phalaṃ veḷuṃ phalaṃ naḷaṃ; |
as are the bamboo and the reed. |
Sakkāro kāpurisaṃ hanti, |
Honor destroys a wretch, |
gabbho assatariṃ yathā”ti. |
as pregnancy destroys a mule.” |
69. Padhānasutta |
69. Effort |
“Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, padhānāni. |
“monks, there are these four efforts. |
Katamāni cattāri? |
What four? |
Saṃvarappadhānaṃ, pahānappadhānaṃ, bhāvanāppadhānaṃ, anurakkhaṇāppadhānaṃ. |
The efforts to restrain, to give up, to develop, and to preserve. |
Katamañca, bhikkhave, saṃvarappadhānaṃ? |
And what, monks, is the effort to restrain? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. |
It’s when you generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise. |
Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saṃvarappadhānaṃ. |
This is called the effort to restrain. |
Katamañca, bhikkhave, pahānappadhānaṃ? |
And what, monks, is the effort to give up? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. |
It’s when you generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities are given up. |
Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pahānappadhānaṃ. |
This is called the effort to give up. |
Katamañca, bhikkhave, bhāvanāppadhānaṃ? |
And what, monks, is the effort to develop? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. |
It’s when you generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities arise. |
Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhāvanāppadhānaṃ. |
This is called the effort to develop. |
Katamañca, bhikkhave, anurakkhaṇāppadhānaṃ? |
And what, monks, is the effort to preserve? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. |
It’s when you generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are fulfilled by development. |
Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, anurakkhaṇāppadhānaṃ. |
This is called the effort to preserve. |
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri padhānānīti. |
These are the four efforts. |
Saṃvaro ca pahānañca, |
Restraint and giving up, |
bhāvanā anurakkhaṇā; |
development and preservation: |
Ete padhānā cattāro, |
these are the four efforts |
desitādiccabandhunā; |
taught by the Kinsman of the Sun. |
Yo hi bhikkhu idhātāpī, |
Any monk who keenly applies these |
khayaṃ dukkhassa pāpuṇe”ti. |
may attain the ending of suffering.” |
70. Adhammikasutta |
70. Unprincipled |
“Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye rājāno adhammikā honti, rājāyuttāpi tasmiṃ samaye adhammikā honti. |
“At a time when kings are unprincipled, royal officials become unprincipled. |
Rājāyuttesu adhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṃ samaye adhammikā honti. |
When royal officials are unprincipled, brahmins and householders become unprincipled. |
Brāhmaṇagahapatikesu adhammikesu negamajānapadāpi tasmiṃ samaye adhammikā honti. |
When brahmins and householders are unprincipled, the people of town and country become unprincipled. |
Negamajānapadesu adhammikesu visamaṃ candimasūriyā parivattanti. |
When the people of town and country are unprincipled, the courses of the moon and sun become erratic. |
Visamaṃ candimasūriyesu parivattantesu visamaṃ nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni parivattanti. |
… the courses of the stars and constellations … |
Visamaṃ nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu parivattantesu visamaṃ rattindivā parivattanti. |
the days and nights … |
Visamaṃ rattindivesu parivattantesu visamaṃ māsaddhamāsā parivattanti. |
the months and fortnights … |
Visamaṃ māsaddhamāsesu parivattantesu visamaṃ utusaṃvaccharā parivattanti. |
the seasons and years become erratic. |
Visamaṃ utusaṃvaccharesu parivattantesu visamaṃ vātā vāyanti visamā apañjasā. |
… the blowing of the winds becomes erratic and chaotic. |
Visamaṃ vātesu vāyantesu visamesu apañjasesu devatā parikupitā bhavanti. |
… the deities are angered. |
Devatāsu parikupitāsu devo na sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchati. |
… the heavens don’t provide enough rain. |
Deve na sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchante visamapākāni sassāni bhavanti. |
… the crops ripen erratically. |
Visamapākāni, bhikkhave, sassāni manussā paribhuñjantā appāyukā honti dubbaṇṇā ca bavhābādhā ca. |
When people eat crops that have ripened erratically, they become short-lived, ugly, weak, and sickly. |
Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye rājāno dhammikā honti, rājāyuttāpi tasmiṃ samaye dhammikā honti. |
At a time when kings are principled, royal officials become principled. |
Rājāyuttesu dhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṃ samaye dhammikā honti. |
… brahmins and householders … |
Brāhmaṇagahapatikesu dhammikesu negamajānapadāpi tasmiṃ samaye dhammikā honti. |
people of town and country become principled. |
Negamajānapadesu dhammikesu samaṃ candimasūriyā parivattanti. |
When the people of town and country are principled, the courses of the sun and moon become regular. |
Samaṃ candimasūriyesu parivattantesu samaṃ nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni parivattanti. |
… the stars and constellations … |
Samaṃ nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu parivattantesu samaṃ rattindivā parivattanti. |
the days and nights … |
Samaṃ rattindivesu parivattantesu samaṃ māsaddhamāsā parivattanti. |
the months and fortnights … |
Samaṃ māsaddhamāsesu parivattantesu samaṃ utusaṃvaccharā parivattanti. |
the seasons and years become regular. |
Samaṃ utusaṃvaccharesu parivattantesu samaṃ vātā vāyanti samā pañjasā. |
… the blowing of the winds becomes regular and orderly. |
Samaṃ vātesu vāyantesu samesu pañjasesu devatā aparikupitā bhavanti. |
… the deities are not angered … |
Devatāsu aparikupitāsu devo sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchati. |
… the heavens provide plenty of rain. |
Deve sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchante samapākāni sassāni bhavanti. |
When the heavens provide plenty of rain, the crops ripen well. |
Samapākāni, bhikkhave, sassāni manussā paribhuñjantā dīghāyukā ca honti vaṇṇavanto ca balavanto ca appābādhā cāti. |
When people eat crops that have ripened well, they become long-lived, beautiful, strong, and healthy. |
Gunnañce taramānānaṃ, |
When cattle ford a river, |
jimhaṃ gacchati puṅgavo; |
if the bull goes off course, |
Sabbā tā jimhaṃ gacchanti, |
they all go off course, |
nette jimhaṃ gate sati. |
because their leader is off course. |
Evamevaṃ manussesu, |
So it is for humans: |
yo hoti seṭṭhasammato; |
when the one agreed on as chief |
So ce adhammaṃ carati, |
behaves badly, |
pageva itarā pajā; |
what do you expect the rest to do? |
Sabbaṃ raṭṭhaṃ dukkhaṃ seti, |
The whole country sleeps badly, |
rājā ce hoti adhammiko. |
when the king is unprincipled. |
Gunnañce taramānānaṃ, |
When cattle ford a river, |
ujuṃ gacchati puṅgavo; |
if the bull goes straight, |
Sabbā tā ujuṃ gacchanti, |
they all go straight, |
nette ujuṃ gate sati. |
because their leader is straight. |
Evamevaṃ manussesu, |
So it is for humans: |
yo hoti seṭṭhasammato; |
when the one agreed on as chief |
So sace dhammaṃ carati, |
does the right thing, |
pageva itarā pajā; |
what do you expect the rest to do? |
Sabbaṃ raṭṭhaṃ sukhaṃ seti, |
The whole country sleeps happily, |
rājā ce hoti dhammiko”ti. |
when the king is just.” |
71. Padhānasutta |
71. Effort |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu apaṇṇakappaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāya. |
“monks, when a monk has four things their practice is guaranteed, and they have laid the groundwork for ending the defilements. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, paññavā hoti. |
It’s when a monk is ethical, learned, energetic, and wise. |
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu apaṇṇakappaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāyā”ti. |
When a monk has these four things their practice is guaranteed, and they have laid the groundwork for ending the defilements.” |
72. Sammādiṭṭhisutta |
72. Right View |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu apaṇṇakappaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāya. |
“monks, when a monk has four things their practice is guaranteed, and they have laid the groundwork for ending the defilements. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Nekkhammavitakkena, abyāpādavitakkena, avihiṃsāvitakkena, sammādiṭṭhiyā— |
Thoughts of renunciation, love, and kindness; and right view. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu apaṇṇakappaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāyā”ti. |
When a monk has these four things their practice is guaranteed, and they have laid the groundwork for ending the defilements.” |
73. Sappurisasutta |
73. A Good Person |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato asappuriso veditabbo. |
“monks, a bad person can be known by four qualities. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso yo hoti parassa avaṇṇo taṃ apuṭṭhopi pātu karoti, ko pana vādo puṭṭhassa. |
To start with, a bad person speaks ill of another even when not asked, how much more so when asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto ahāpetvā alambitvā paripūraṃ vitthārena parassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak ill of another in full detail, not leaving anything out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, asappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a bad person. |
Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, asappuriso yo hoti parassa vaṇṇo taṃ puṭṭhopi na pātu karoti, ko pana vādo apuṭṭhassa. |
Furthermore, a bad person doesn’t speak well of another even when asked, how much more so when not asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto hāpetvā lambitvā aparipūraṃ avitthārena parassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak well of another without giving the full details, leaving many things out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, asappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a bad person. |
Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, asappuriso yo hoti attano avaṇṇo taṃ puṭṭhopi na pātu karoti, ko pana vādo apuṭṭhassa. |
Furthermore, a bad person doesn’t speak ill of themselves even when asked, how much more so when not asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto hāpetvā lambitvā aparipūraṃ avitthārena attano avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak ill of themselves without giving the full details, leaving many things out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, asappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a bad person. |
Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, asappuriso yo hoti attano vaṇṇo taṃ apuṭṭhopi pātu karoti, ko pana vādo puṭṭhassa. |
Furthermore, a bad person speaks well of themselves even when not asked, how much more so when asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto ahāpetvā alambitvā paripūraṃ vitthārena attano vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak well of themselves in full detail, not leaving anything out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, asappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a bad person. |
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato asappuriso veditabbo. |
A bad person can be known by these four qualities. |
Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato sappuriso veditabbo. |
A good person can be known by four qualities. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso yo hoti parassa avaṇṇo taṃ puṭṭhopi na pātu karoti, ko pana vādo apuṭṭhassa. |
To start with, a good person doesn’t speak ill of another even when asked, how much more so when not asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto hāpetvā lambitvā aparipūraṃ avitthārena parassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak ill of another without giving the full details, leaving many things out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a good person. |
Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sappuriso yo hoti parassa vaṇṇo taṃ apuṭṭhopi pātu karoti, ko pana vādo puṭṭhassa. |
Furthermore, a good person speaks well of another even when not asked, how much more so when asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto ahāpetvā alambitvā paripūraṃ vitthārena parassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak well of another in full detail, not leaving anything out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a good person. |
Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sappuriso yo hoti attano avaṇṇo taṃ apuṭṭhopi pātu karoti, ko pana vādo puṭṭhassa. |
Furthermore, a good person speaks ill of themselves even when not asked, how much more so when asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto ahāpetvā alambitvā paripūraṃ vitthārena attano avaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak ill of themselves in full detail, not leaving anything out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a good person. |
Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sappuriso yo hoti attano vaṇṇo taṃ puṭṭhopi na pātu karoti, ko pana vādo apuṭṭhassa. |
Furthermore, a good person doesn’t speak well of themselves even when asked, how much more so when not asked. |
Puṭṭho kho pana pañhābhinīto hāpetvā lambitvā aparipūraṃ avitthārena attano vaṇṇaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
But when led on by questions they speak well of themselves without giving the full details, leaving many things out. |
Veditabbametaṃ, bhikkhave, sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. |
That’s how to know that this is a good person. |
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato sappuriso veditabbo. |
A good person can be known by these four qualities. |
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, vadhukā yaññadeva rattiṃ vā divaṃ vā ānītā hoti, tāvadevassā tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sassuyāpi sasurepi sāmikepi antamaso dāsakammakaraporisesu. |
It’s like a bride on the day or night she’s first brought to her husband’s home. Right away she sets up a keen sense of conscience and prudence for her mother and father in law, her husband, and even the bondservants, workers, and staff. |
Sā aparena samayena saṃvāsamanvāya vissāsamanvāya sassumpi sasurampi sāmikampi evamāha: |
But after some time, because of living together and familiarity, she’ll even say to her mother and father in law, or to her husband: |
‘apetha, kiṃ pana tumhe jānāthā’ti. |
‘Go away! What would you know?’ |
Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu yaññadeva rattiṃ vā divaṃ vā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, tāvadevassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti bhikkhūsu bhikkhunīsu upāsakesu upāsikāsu antamaso ārāmikasamaṇuddesesu. |
In the same way, on the day or night a monk first goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, right away they set up a keen sense of conscience and prudence for the monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen, and even the monastery workers and novices. |
So aparena samayena saṃvāsamanvāya vissāsamanvāya ācariyampi upajjhāyampi evamāha: |
But after some time, because of living together and familiarity, they’ll even say to their teacher or mentor: |
‘apetha, kiṃ pana tumhe jānāthā’ti. |
‘Go away! What would you know?’ |
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ: |
So you should train like this: |
‘adhunāgatavadhukāsamena cetasā viharissāmā’ti. |
‘We will live with hearts like that of a newly wedded bride.’ |
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. |
That’s how you should train.” |
74. Paṭhamaaggasutta |
74. Best (1st) |
“Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, aggāni. |
“monks, these four things are the best. |
Katamāni cattāri? |
What four? |
Sīlaggaṃ, samādhiggaṃ, paññāggaṃ, vimuttaggaṃ— |
The best ethics, undistractible-lucidity, wisdom, and freedom. |
imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri aggānī”ti. |
These are the four things that are the best.” |
75. Dutiyaaggasutta |
75. Best (2nd) |
“Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, aggāni. |
“monks, these four things are the best. |
Katamāni cattāri? |
What four? |
Rūpaggaṃ, vedanāggaṃ, saññāggaṃ, bhavaggaṃ— |
The best form, feeling, perception, and state of existence. |
imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri aggānī”ti. |
These are the four things that are the best.” |
76. Kusinārasutta |
76. At Kusinārā |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kusinārāyaṃ viharati upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane antarena yamakasālānaṃ parinibbānasamaye. |
At one time the Buddha was staying between a pair of sal trees in the sal forest of the Mallas at Upavattana near Kusinārā at the time of his final nirvana. |
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There the Buddha addressed the monks: |
“bhikkhavo”ti. |
“monks!” |
“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. |
“Venerable sir,” they replied. |
Bhagavā etadavoca: |
The Buddha said this: |
“Siyā kho pana, bhikkhave, ekabhikkhussapi kaṅkhā vā vimati vā buddhe vā dhamme vā saṃghe vā magge vā paṭipadāya vā, pucchatha, bhikkhave, mā pacchā vippaṭisārino ahuvattha: |
“Perhaps even a single monk has doubt or uncertainty regarding the Buddha, the teaching, the Saṅgha, the path, or the practice. So ask, monks! Don’t regret it later, thinking: |
‘sammukhībhūto no satthā ahosi, nāsakkhimha bhagavantaṃ sammukhā paṭipucchitun’”ti. |
‘We were in the Teacher’s presence and we weren’t able to ask the Buddha a question.’” |
Evaṃ vutte, te bhikkhū tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
When this was said, the monks kept silent. |
Dutiyampi kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
For a second time the Buddha addressed the monks: … |
“siyā kho pana, bhikkhave, ekabhikkhussapi kaṅkhā vā vimati vā buddhe vā dhamme vā saṅghe vā magge vā paṭipadāya vā, pucchatha, bhikkhave, mā pacchā vippaṭisārino ahuvattha: |
|
‘sammukhībhūto no satthā ahosi, nāsakkhimha bhagavantaṃ sammukhā paṭipucchitun’”ti. |
|
Dutiyampi kho te bhikkhū tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
For a second time, the monks kept silent. |
Tatiyampi kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
For a third time the Buddha addressed the monks: … |
“siyā kho pana, bhikkhave, ekabhikkhussapi kaṅkhā vā vimati vā buddhe vā dhamme vā saṅghe vā magge vā paṭipadāya vā, pucchatha, bhikkhave, mā pacchā vippaṭisārino ahuvattha: |
|
‘sammukhībhūto no satthā ahosi, nāsakkhimha bhagavantaṃ sammukhā paṭipucchitun’”ti. |
|
Tatiyampi kho te bhikkhū tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
For a third time, the monks kept silent. |
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha said to the monks: |
“siyā kho pana, bhikkhave, satthugāravenapi na puccheyyātha, sahāyakopi, bhikkhave, sahāyakassa ārocetū”ti. |
“monks, perhaps you don’t ask out of respect for the Teacher. So let a friend tell a friend.” |
Evaṃ vutte, te bhikkhū tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
When this was said, the monks kept silent. |
Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Venerable Ānanda said to the Buddha: |
“acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante. |
“It’s incredible, sir, it’s amazing! |
Evaṃ pasanno ahaṃ, bhante. Natthi imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe ekabhikkhussapi kaṅkhā vā vimati vā buddhe vā dhamme vā saṅghe vā magge vā paṭipadāya vā”ti. |
I am quite confident that there’s not even a single monk in this Saṅgha who has doubt or uncertainty regarding the Buddha, the teaching, the Saṅgha, the path, or the practice.” |
“Pasādā kho tvaṃ, ānanda, vadesi. Ñāṇameva hettha, ānanda, tathāgatassa: ‘natthi imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe ekabhikkhussapi kaṅkhā vā vimati vā buddhe vā dhamme vā saṅghe vā magge vā paṭipadāya vā’. |
“Ānanda, you speak from faith. But the Realized One knows that there’s not even a single monk in this Saṅgha who has doubt or uncertainty regarding the Buddha, the teaching, the Saṅgha, the path, or the practice. |
Imesañhi, ānanda, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ yo pacchimako bhikkhu so sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo”ti. |
Even the last of these five hundred monks is a stream-enterer, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening.” |
77. Acinteyyasutta |
77. Inconceivable |
“Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, acinteyyāni, na cintetabbāni; yāni cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. |
“monks, these four things are inconceivable. They should not be thought about, and anyone who tries to think about them will go mad or get frustrated. |
Katamāni cattāri? |
What four? |
Buddhānaṃ, bhikkhave, buddhavisayo acinteyyo, na cintetabbo; |
The scope of the Buddhas … |
yaṃ cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. |
|
Jhāyissa, bhikkhave, jhānavisayo acinteyyo, na cintetabbo; |
The scope of one in jhāna … |
yaṃ cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. |
|
Kammavipāko, bhikkhave, acinteyyo, na cintetabbo; |
The results of deeds … |
yaṃ cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. |
|
Lokacintā, bhikkhave, acinteyyā, na cintetabbā; |
Speculation about the world … |
yaṃ cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. |
|
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri acinteyyāni, na cintetabbāni; yāni cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assā”ti. |
These are the four inconceivable things. They should not be thought about, and anyone who tries to think about them will go mad or get frustrated.” |
78. Dakkhiṇasutta |
78. A Teacher’s Offering |
“Catasso imā, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā visuddhiyo. |
“monks, there are these four ways of purifying an offering to a teacher. |
Katamā catasso? |
What four? |
Atthi, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato; |
There’s an offering to a teacher that’s purified by the giver, not the recipient. |
atthi, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati, no dāyakato; |
There’s an offering to a teacher that’s purified by the recipient, not the giver. |
atthi, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato; |
There’s an offering to a teacher that’s purified by neither the giver nor the recipient. |
atthi, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca. |
There’s an offering to a teacher that’s purified by both the giver and the recipient. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato? |
And how is an offering to a teacher purified by the giver, not the recipient? |
Idha, bhikkhave, dāyako hoti sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo; paṭiggāhakā honti dussīlā pāpadhammā. |
It’s when the giver is ethical, of good character, but the recipient is unethical, of bad character. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato. |
|
Kathañca, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati, no dāyakato? |
And how is an offering to a teacher purified by the recipient, not the giver? |
Idha, bhikkhave, dāyako hoti dussīlo pāpadhammo; paṭiggāhakā honti sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā. |
It’s when the giver is unethical, of bad character, but the recipient is ethical, of good character. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati, no dāyakato. |
|
Kathañca, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato? |
And how is an offering to a teacher purified by neither the giver nor the recipient? |
Idha, bhikkhave, dāyako hoti dussīlo pāpadhammo; paṭiggāhakāpi honti dussīlā pāpadhammā. |
It’s when both the giver and the recipient are unethical, of bad character. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato. |
|
Kathañca, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca? |
And how is an offering to a teacher purified by both the giver and the recipient? |
Idha, bhikkhave, dāyako hoti sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo; paṭiggāhakāpi honti sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā. |
It’s when both the giver and the recipient are ethical, of good character. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca. |
|
Imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso dakkhiṇā visuddhiyo”ti. |
These are the four ways of purifying an offering to a teacher.” |
79. Vaṇijjasutta |
79. Business |
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Venerable Sāriputta went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: |
“ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā chedagāminī hoti? |
“Sir, what is the cause, what is the reason why for different people the same kind of business undertaking might fail, |
Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā na yathādhippāyā hoti? |
while another doesn’t meet expectations, |
Ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā yathādhippāyā hoti? |
another meets expectations, |
Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā parādhippāyā hotī”ti? |
and another exceeds expectations?” |
“Idha, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti: ‘vadatu, bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ na deti. |
“Sāriputta, take a case where someone goes to an ascetic or brahmin and invites them to ask for what they need. But they fail to give what’s requested. |
So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa hoti chedagāminī. |
When they’ve passed away from that life, if they’re reborn in this state of existence, whatever business they undertake fails. |
Idha pana, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti: ‘vadatu, bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ na yathādhippāyaṃ deti. |
Take a case where someone goes to an ascetic or brahmin and invites them to ask for what they need. They give what’s requested, but don’t meet expectations. |
So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa na hoti yathādhippāyā. |
When they’ve passed away from that life, if they’re reborn in this state of existence, whatever business they undertake doesn’t meet expectations. |
Idha pana, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti: ‘vadatu, bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ yathādhippāyaṃ deti. |
Take a case where someone goes to an ascetic or brahmin and invites them to ask for what they need. They give what’s requested, meeting expectations. |
So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa hoti yathādhippāyā. |
When they’ve passed away from that life, if they’re reborn in this state of existence, whatever business they undertake meets expectations. |
Idha, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti: ‘vadatu, bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ parādhippāyaṃ deti. |
Take a case where someone goes to an ascetic or brahmin and invites them to ask for what they need. They give what’s requested, exceeding expectations. |
So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa hoti parādhippāyā. |
When they’ve passed away from that life, if they’re reborn in this state of existence, whatever business they undertake exceeds expectations. |
Ayaṃ kho, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā chedagāminī hoti. |
This is the cause, this is the reason why for different people the same kind of business enterprise might fail, |
Ayaṃ pana, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā na yathādhippāyā hoti. |
while another doesn’t meet expectations, |
Ayaṃ kho pana, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā yathādhippāyā hoti. |
another meets expectations, |
Ayaṃ pana, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā parādhippāyā hotī”ti. |
and another exceeds expectations.” |
80. Kambojasutta |
80. Persia |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Kosambi, in Ghosita’s Monastery. |
Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Venerable Ānanda went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: |
“Ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena mātugāmo neva sabhāyaṃ nisīdati, na kammantaṃ payojeti, na kambojaṃ gacchatī”ti? |
“Sir, what is the cause, what is the reason why females don’t attend council meetings, work for a living, or travel to Persia?” |
“Kodhano, ānanda, mātugāmo; |
“Ānanda, females are angry, |
issukī, ānanda, mātugāmo; |
jealous, |
maccharī, ānanda, mātugāmo; |
mean, |
duppañño, ānanda, mātugāmo— |
and unintelligent. |
ayaṃ kho, ānanda, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena mātugāmo neva sabhāyaṃ nisīdati, na kammantaṃ payojeti, na kambojaṃ gacchatī”ti. |
This is the cause, this is the reason why females don’t attend council meetings, work for a living, or travel to Persia.” |
81. Pāṇātipātasutta |
81. Killing Living Creatures |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
“monks, someone with four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti— |
They kill living creatures, steal, commit sexual misconduct, and lie. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
Someone with these four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. |
Someone with four qualities is raised up to heaven. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti— |
They don’t kill living creatures, steal, commit sexual misconduct, or lie. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. |
Someone with these four qualities is raised up to heaven.” |
82. Musāvādasutta |
82. Lying |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
“monks, someone with four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Musāvādī hoti, pisuṇavāco hoti, pharusavāco hoti, samphappalāpī hoti— |
They use speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
Someone with these four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. |
Someone with four qualities is raised up to heaven. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti— |
They don’t use speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. |
Someone with these four qualities is raised up to heaven.” |
83. Avaṇṇārahasutta |
83. Where Criticism Takes You |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
“monks, someone with four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, |
Without examining or scrutinizing, they praise those deserving of criticism, |
ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, |
and they criticize those deserving of praise. |
ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti— |
They arouse faith in things that are dubious, and they don’t arouse faith in things that are inspiring. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
Someone with these four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. |
Someone with four qualities is raised up to heaven. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Anuvicca pariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, |
After examining and scrutinizing, they criticize those deserving of criticism, |
anuvicca pariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, |
and they praise those deserving of praise. |
anuvicca pariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti |
They don’t arouse faith in things that are dubious, |
anuvicca pariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti— |
and they do arouse faith in things that are inspiring. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. |
Someone with these four qualities is raised up to heaven.” |
84. Kodhagarusutta |
84. Valuing Anger |
“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
“monks, someone with four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Kodhagaru hoti na saddhammagaru, makkhagaru hoti na saddhammagaru, lābhagaru hoti na saddhammagaru, sakkāragaru hoti na saddhammagaru— |
They value anger, or denigration, or material possessions, or honor rather than the true teaching. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. |
Someone with these four qualities is cast down to hell. |
Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. |
Someone with four qualities is raised up to heaven. |
Katamehi catūhi? |
What four? |
Saddhammagaru hoti na kodhagaru, saddhammagaru hoti na makkhagaru, saddhammagaru hoti na lābhagaru, saddhammagaru hoti na sakkāragaru— |
They value the true teaching rather than anger, or denigration, or material possessions, or honor. |
imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. |
Someone with these four qualities is raised up to heaven.” |
85. Tamotamasutta |
85. From Darkness to Darkness |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
| The dark bound for darkness, the dark bound for light, the light bound for darkness, and the light bound for light. Tamo tamaparāyaṇo, tamo jotiparāyaṇo, joti tamaparāyaṇo, joti jotiparāyaṇo. | |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti tamaparāyaṇo? |
And how is a person dark and bound for darkness? |
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo nīce kule paccājāto hoti—caṇḍālakule vā venakule vā nesādakule vā rathakārakule vā pukkusakule vā dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati. |
It’s when someone is reborn in a low family—a family of outcastes, bamboo-workers, hunters, chariot-makers, or waste-collectors—poor, with little to eat or drink, where life is tough, and food and shelter are hard to find. |
So ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khañjo vā pakkhahato vā, na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. |
And they’re ugly, unsightly, deformed, chronically ill—one-eyed, crippled, lame, or half-paralyzed. They don’t get to have food, drink, clothes, and vehicles; garlands, fragrance, and makeup; or bed, house, and lighting. |
So kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. |
And they do bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. |
So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. |
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti tamaparāyaṇo. |
That’s how a person is dark and bound for darkness. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti jotiparāyaṇo? |
And how is a person dark and bound for light? |
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo nīce kule paccājāto hoti—caṇḍālakule vā venakule vā nesādakule vā rathakārakule vā pukkusakule vā dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati; |
It’s when some person is reborn in a low family … |
so ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khañjo vā pakkhahato vā na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. |
|
So kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. |
But they do good things by way of body, speech, and mind. |
So kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. |
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti jotiparāyaṇo. |
That’s how a person is dark and bound for light. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti tamaparāyaṇo? |
And how is a person light and bound for darkness? |
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe; |
It’s when some person is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain. |
so ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. |
And they’re attractive, good-looking, lovely, of surpassing beauty. They get to have food, drink, clothes, and vehicles; garlands, fragrance, and makeup; and bed, house, and lighting. |
So kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. |
But they do bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. |
So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. |
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti tamaparāyaṇo. |
That’s how a person is light and bound for darkness. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti jotiparāyaṇo? |
And how is a person light and bound for light? |
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe; |
It’s when some person is reborn in an eminent family … |
so ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. |
|
So kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. |
And they do good things by way of body, speech, and mind. |
So kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. |
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti jotiparāyaṇo. |
That’s how a person is light and bound for light. |
Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. |
These are the four people found in the world.” |
86. Oṇatoṇatasutta |
86. Sunk Low |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“These four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
… These are the four people found in the world.” |
One sunk low who sinks lower, one sunk low who rises high, one risen high who sinks low, and one risen high who rises higher. Oṇatoṇato, oṇatuṇṇato, uṇṇatoṇato, uṇṇatuṇṇato. |
| … Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. | |
87. Puttasutta |
87. The Son |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Samaṇamacalo, samaṇapuṇḍarīko, samaṇapadumo, samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo. |
The confirmed ascetic, the white lotus ascetic, the pink lotus ascetic, and the exquisite ascetic of ascetics. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti? |
And how is a person a confirmed ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sekho hoti pāṭipado; |
It’s when a monk is a practicing trainee, |
anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamāno viharati. |
who lives aspiring to the supreme sanctuary. |
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa jeṭṭho putto ābhiseko anabhisitto macalappatto; |
It’s like the eldest son of an anointed king. He has not yet been anointed, but is eligible, and has been confirmed in the succession. |
evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sekho hoti pāṭipado, anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamāno viharati. |
In the same way, a monk is a practicing trainee, who lives aspiring to the supreme sanctuary. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a confirmed ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti? |
And how is a person a white lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, no ca kho aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati. |
It’s when a monk realizes the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. And they live having realized it with their own insight due to the ending of defilements. But they don’t have direct meditative experience of the eight liberations. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti. |
That’s how a person is a white lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti? |
And how is a person a pink lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, aṭṭha ca vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati. |
It’s when a monk realizes the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. … And they have direct meditative experience of the eight liberations. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a pink lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti? |
And how is a person an exquisite ascetic of ascetics? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yācitova bahulaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ senāsanaṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito. |
It’s when a monk usually uses only what they’ve been invited to accept—robes, alms-food, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick—rarely using them without invitation. |
Yehi kho pana sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ viharati, tyassa manāpeneva bahulaṃ kāyakammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpeneva bahulaṃ vacīkammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpeneva bahulaṃ manokammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; |
When living with other spiritual practitioners, they usually treat them agreeably by way of body, speech, and mind, and rarely disagreeably. |
manāpaṃyeva bahulaṃ upahāraṃ upaharanti, appaṃ amanāpaṃ. |
And they usually present them with agreeable things, rarely with disagreeable ones. |
Yāni kho pana tāni vedayitāni pittasamuṭṭhānāni vā semhasamuṭṭhānāni vā vātasamuṭṭhānāni vā sannipātikāni vā utupariṇāmajāni vā visamaparihārajāni vā opakkamikāni vā kammavipākajāni vā, tāni panassa na bahudeva uppajjanti. Appābādho hoti. |
They’re healthy, so the various unpleasant feelings—stemming from disorders of bile, phlegm, wind, or their conjunction; or caused by change in weather, by not taking care of yourself, by overexertion, or as the result of past deeds—usually don’t come up. |
Catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, |
They get the four jhānas—pleasureful meditations in the present life that belong to the higher mind—when they want, without trouble or difficulty. |
āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. |
And they realize the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. … |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti. |
That’s how a person is an exquisite ascetic of ascetics. |
Yañhi taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya samaṇesu samaṇasukhumāloti, mameva taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya samaṇesu samaṇasukhumāloti. |
And if anyone should be rightly called an exquisite ascetic of ascetics, it’s me. |
Ahañhi, bhikkhave, yācitova bahulaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ senāsanaṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito; yācitova bahulaṃ gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ paribhuñjāmi, appaṃ ayācito. |
For I usually use only what I’ve been invited to accept … |
Yehi kho pana bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ viharāmi te me manāpeneva bahulaṃ kāyakammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpeneva bahulaṃ vacīkammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpeneva bahulaṃ manokammena samudācaranti, appaṃ amanāpena; manāpaṃyeva bahulaṃ upahāraṃ upaharanti, appaṃ amanāpaṃ. |
When living with other spiritual practitioners, I usually treat them agreeably … |
Yāni kho pana tāni vedayitāni pittasamuṭṭhānāni vā semhasamuṭṭhānāni vā vātasamuṭṭhānāni vā sannipātikāni vā utupariṇāmajāni vā visamaparihārajāni vā opakkamikāni vā kammavipākajāni vā, tāni me na bahudeva uppajjanti. Appābādhohamasmi. |
I’m healthy … |
Catunnaṃ kho panasmi jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, |
I get the four jhānas when I want, without trouble or difficulty. |
āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. |
And I’ve realized the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. … |
Yañhi taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya samaṇesu samaṇasukhumāloti, mameva taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya samaṇesu samaṇasukhumāloti. |
So if anyone should be rightly called an exquisite ascetic of ascetics, it’s me. |
Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. |
These are the four people found in the world.” |
88. Saṃyojanasutta |
88. Fetters |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Samaṇamacalo, samaṇapuṇḍarīko, samaṇapadumo, samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo. |
The confirmed ascetic, the white lotus ascetic, the pink lotus ascetic, and the exquisite ascetic of ascetics. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti? |
And how is a person a confirmed ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo. |
It’s when a monk—with the ending of three fetters—is a stream-enterer, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a confirmed ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti? |
And how is a person a white lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā, rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti, sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti. |
It’s when a monk—with the ending of three fetters, and the weakening of greed, hate, and delusion—is a once-returner. They come back to this world once only, then make an end of suffering. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti. |
That’s how a person is a white lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti? |
And how is a person a pink lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. |
It’s when a monk—with the ending of the five lower fetters—is reborn spontaneously. They’re nirvana'd there, and are not liable to return from that world. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a pink lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti? |
And how is a person an exquisite ascetic of ascetics? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. |
It’s when a monk realizes the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. And they live having realized it with their own insight due to the ending of defilements. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti. |
That’s how a person is an exquisite ascetic of ascetics. |
Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. |
These are the four people found in the world.” |
89. Sammādiṭṭhisutta |
89. Right View |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Samaṇamacalo, samaṇapuṇḍarīko, samaṇapadumo, samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo. |
The confirmed ascetic, the white lotus ascetic, the pink lotus ascetic, and the exquisite ascetic of ascetics. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti? |
And how is a person a confirmed ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiko hoti, sammāsaṅkappo hoti, sammāvāco hoti, sammākammanto hoti, sammāājīvo hoti, sammāvāyāmo hoti, sammāsati hoti, sammāsamādhi hoti. |
It’s when a monk has right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right rememberfulness, and right undistractible-lucidity. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a confirmed ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti? |
And how is a person a white lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiko hoti, sammāsaṅkappo hoti, sammāvāco hoti, sammākammanto hoti, sammāājīvo hoti, sammāvāyāmo hoti, sammāsati hoti, sammāsamādhi hoti, sammāñāṇī hoti, sammāvimutti hoti, no ca kho aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati. |
It’s when they have right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right rememberfulness, right undistractible-lucidity, right knowledge, and right freedom. But they don’t have direct meditative experience of the eight liberations. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti. |
That’s how a person is a white lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti? |
And how is a person a pink lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiko hoti … pe … sammāvimutti hoti, aṭṭha ca vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati. |
It’s when they have right view … and right freedom. And they do have direct meditative experience of the eight liberations. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a pink lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti? |
And how is a person an exquisite ascetic of ascetics? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yācitova bahulaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito … pe … yañhi taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya samaṇesu samaṇasukhumāloti, mameva taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya samaṇesu samaṇasukhumāloti. |
It’s when a monk usually uses only what they’ve been invited to accept … And if anyone should be rightly called an exquisite ascetic of ascetics, it’s me. |
Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. |
These are the four people found in the world.” |
90. Khandhasutta |
90. Aggregates |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Samaṇamacalo, samaṇapuṇḍarīko, samaṇapadumo, samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo. |
The confirmed ascetic, the white lotus ascetic, the pink lotus ascetic, and the exquisite ascetic of ascetics. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti? |
And how is a person a confirmed ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sekho hoti appattamānaso, anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamāno viharati. |
It’s when a monk is a trainee who hasn’t achieved their heart’s desire, but lives aspiring to the supreme sanctuary. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇamacalo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a confirmed ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti? |
And how is a person a white lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati: |
It’s when a monk meditates observing rise and fall in the five grasping aggregates. |
‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; |
‘Such is form, such is the origin of form, such is the ending of form. |
iti vedanā … pe … |
Such is feeling … |
iti saññā … pe … |
Such is perception … |
iti saṅkhārā … pe … |
Such are co-doings … |
iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti; |
Such is consciousness, such is the origin of consciousness, such is the ending of consciousness.’ |
no ca kho aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati. |
But they don’t have direct meditative experience of the eight liberations. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapuṇḍarīko hoti. |
That’s how a person is a white lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti? |
And how is a person a pink lotus ascetic? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati: |
It’s when a monk meditates observing rise and fall in the five grasping aggregates. |
‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; |
‘Such is form, such is the origin of form, such is the ending of form. |
iti vedanā … pe … |
Such is feeling … |
iti saññā … pe … |
Such is perception … |
iti saṅkhārā … pe … |
Such are co-doings … |
iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti; |
Such is consciousness, such is the origin of consciousness, such is the ending of consciousness.’ |
aṭṭha ca vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati. |
And they have direct meditative experience of the eight liberations. |
Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇapadumo hoti. |
That’s how a person is a pink lotus ascetic. |
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo hoti? |
And how is a person an exquisite ascetic of ascetics? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yācitova bahulaṃ cīvaraṃ paribhuñjati, appaṃ ayācito … pe … mameva taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya samaṇesu samaṇasukhumāloti. |
It’s when a monk usually uses only what they’ve been invited to accept … And if anyone should be rightly called an exquisite ascetic of ascetics, it’s me. |
Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. |
These are the four people found in the world.” |